Cerebellar hemisphere

In the volumetric brain

The Territory

Structure. Each cerebellar hemisphere is the lateral, massively foliated cerebellar mass — a thin cortex (three layers: molecular, Purkinje, granular) corrugated into folia and lobules (I–X) over a white core holding the four deep nuclei; it attaches to the brainstem by the inferior, middle and superior peduncles and sits in the posterior fossa beneath the tentorium.

Function. The brain's calibration engine: the lateral (neocerebellar) hemispheres plan and time skilled movements and participate in language/working-memory loops through pontine-thalamic connections with prefrontal cortex. Hemispheric lesions give ipsilateral limb ataxia — dysmetria, intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesia — 'mistakes in the metrics of movement'.

The Levers — graded instruments & the levers to come

Behaviour · Action · Thought — the tagged profile

The Network — what fires with this region

Papers on disk — 191 full texts

The Evidence — Neurosynth studies (304)

The Evidence — NeuroQuery studies (285)

The Exploration Guide

*Cerebellum · Mai atlas of record · 304 studies · 152 papers on disk*

The cerebellar hemisphere is the brain's calibration engine — a foliated cortex three cells deep holding more neurons than the rest of the brain combined, corrugated into lobules over deep nuclei, and wired to prefrontal cortex through the pons for far more than movement.

The Territory

Each cerebellar hemisphere is the lateral, massively foliated cerebellar mass — a thin cortex (three layers: molecular, Purkinje, granular) corrugated into folia and lobules (I–X) over a white core holding the four deep nuclei; it attaches to the brainstem by the inferior, middle and superior peduncles and sits in the posterior fossa beneath the tentorium.

*— {'source': 'Naidich, Duvernoy, Delman, Sorensen, Kollias & Haacke', 'work': "Duvernoy's Atlas of the Human Brain Stem and Cerebellum: High-Field MRI, Springer", 'kind': 'atlas', 'locator': 'cerebellum, hemispheres'}*

What It Does

The brain's calibration engine: the lateral (neocerebellar) hemispheres plan and time skilled movements and participate in language/working-memory loops through pontine-thalamic connections with prefrontal cortex. Hemispheric lesions give ipsilateral limb ataxia — dysmetria, intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesia — 'mistakes in the metrics of movement'.

The functional record: the lateral neocerebellar hemispheres plan and time skilled movements and participate in language and working-memory loops through pontine-thalamic connections with prefrontal cortex. The decoded profile carries imagined among the motor terms — the cerebellum computes imagined as well as executed motion. The graded matrix opens with N-back as a standard stimulator — the cognitive cerebellum, recorded.

*— {'source': 'Josephine C. Moore', 'work': 'Brain Atlas and Functional Systems', 'kind': 'atlas', 'locator': 'cerebellum, functional systems'}*

The Network

A different map from the cortex's: paracingulate gyrus (155), thalamus (145), premotor (141), inferior frontal operculum (138) — modest counts, a sparse but real bridge to the cognitive networks the functional record claims.

Co-activation partners of record: Paracingulate gyrus:155, Thalamus:145, BA 6 - premotor/SMA:141, Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part:138, Cingulate gyrus, anterior:133, Thalamus:130, Lateral fissure:125, Globus pallidus, external segment:124.

When It Fails

The cerebellar syndrome: dysmetria, intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesia — the calibration engine's errors made visible. The cognitive-affective cerebellar literature (language loops in the record) extends the failure picture beyond movement.

The Evidence

• A specific role for the thalamus in mediating the interaction of attention (1998)
• Differential neural responses during performance of matching and nonmatchin (1999)
• Cerebral activation pattern in primary writing tremor. (2000) — 10.1136/jnnp.69.6.780
• Functional neuroanatomy of three-term relational reasoning. (2001) — 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00024-0
• Topographic segregation and convergence of verbal, object, shape and spatia (2002) — 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00125-8
• Eyeblink-related areas in human cerebellum as shown by fMRI. (2002) — 10.1002/hbm.10056

304 studies total touch this region in the Neurosynth corpus of record; the full literature lives beside this dossier.

The Levers

• nback — stimulator · standard-scientific

Candidate levers (Neurosynth-decoded terms — cerebellar(anatomy-reference), cerebellum(anatomy-reference), motor(action-motor), networks(anatomy-reference), crus(anatomy-reference), imagined(cognition), connectivity(method-other), stimulation(method-other) …) are the foundation for the thousands of instruments to come; they are ungraded by law.

Explore Further

Paracingulate gyrus:155, Thalamus:145, BA 6 - premotor/SMA:141, Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part:138 — each name is a dossier stop in this explorer.

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